The Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument

A historical context of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument: United States President, Barack Obama, declared the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument the largest oceanic reserve system in the world through an expansion in protected territory by a presidential proclamation on September 25th, 2014. The reserve system originally was formed on January 6th, 2009 by a proclamation signed by President George W. Bush. The ocean ecosystems now under protection are to the south and west of Hawaii in waters surrounding small islands and reef systems under the United States jurisdiction (See Figure 1). These areas include, â€Å"Kingman Reef, Palmyra Atoll, Howland Island, Baker Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, and Wake Island. The total area now protected through this reserve system is 782,000 square miles (2,030,000 km2)† (Citation). In these newly protected regions it is now prohibited to fish, hunt, or mine for resources due to these proclamations. 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